Graphemes for /ä/ and Related Phonemes
/ä/ - open central unrounded vowel
| Writing System | Grapheme | Example | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| nat-Latn | <a> | ajaba ‘stream’, aswana ‘awl’ |
/ä̃/ - nasalized open central unrounded vowel
| Writing System | Grapheme | Example | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| nat-Latn | <an> | anwan ‘mosquito’, iwantan ‘shaft’ |
/äː/ - lengthened open central unrounded vowel
| Writing System | Grapheme | Example | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| nat-Latn | <aa> | uraaga ‘net trap’, yaana ‘bed bug’ |
/ä̙/ - RTR open central unrounded vowel
| Writing System | Grapheme | Example | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| ii-Latn | <a> | axpu ‘grandfather’ |
Near-open
Section titled “Near-open”/ɐ/ - near-open central unrounded vowel
None
Open-mid
Section titled “Open-mid”/ɜ/ - open-mid central unrounded vowel
None